UBJ Staff • September 5, 2026

From Enslavement to Empowerment: L.A. Moves to Rename Pershing Square in Honor of Biddy Mason’s Extraordinary Legacy

LOS ANGELES — Biddy Mason arrived in California without her freedom. But through extraordinary courage, determination and faith, she built a life that would help shape Los Angeles for generations.

Now, nearly 170 years after Mason won her freedom in a Los Angeles courtroom, the city is taking steps to ensure that her name and remarkable legacy are seen and remembered.

The Los Angeles City Council voted unanimously Friday to begin the process of renaming Pershing Square as Biddy Mason Park. The five-acre Downtown Los Angeles plaza, located between Olive and Hill streets near the Biltmore Hotel, would honor the formerly enslaved woman who became a successful landowner, philanthropist and founder of First African Methodist Episcopal Church of Los Angeles—one of the nation’s largest Black churches.

The Rev. Timothy E. Tyler of First AME Church was among those who urged the council to approve the change.


"In a world where histories are being erased and denied or negated, we believe that this act by the City Council will signal to the world that we in Los Angeles value those who have helped to build this city," Tyler said.

Council member Ysabel Jurado, whose district includes the park and who championed the proposal, said Mason’s story reflects the very heart of Los Angeles.

"When we talk about the Angeleno spirit, resilience, hope, and a refusal to let injustice define what's impossible for us, there may be no better example of that than Biddy Mason," Jurado said.

About Biddy Mason


Biddy Mason was born into slavery in Mississippi in 1818. After being forced to walk 1,700 miles west, she arrived in California, where slavery was illegal. In 1856, she courageously petitioned a Los Angeles court and won freedom for herself and members of her family. Mason later became a respected nurse, midwife, entrepreneur, philanthropist and one of Los Angeles’ earliest Black landowners.


She used her wealth to help people in need and co-founded First African Methodist Episcopal Church. Her remarkable journey from enslavement to ownership and community leadership made her a foundational figure in Los Angeles history and Black achievement.


A Legacy Born from Courage


Bridget “Biddy” Mason was born into slavery in Mississippi in 1818. Born without a surname, she was given the name Bridget, while “Biddy” became the name by which she was affectionately known.

She was sold multiple times and taken across state lines before reaching California. In 1848, Mason traveled west with Robert Smith, a Mississippi plantation owner who was relocating to establish a Mormon community in Utah.

Mason reportedly walked 1,700 miles alongside a 300-wagon caravan during the months-long journey. Along the way, she cared for Smith’s children as well as her own, cooked meals and herded cattle.

Smith later moved his household from Utah to San Bernardino, even though slavery was illegal in California. During that journey, Mason met free Black Californians who encouraged her and the other enslaved people traveling with her to challenge their legal status after reaching the state.

Mason found the courage to do exactly that.

In 1856, she petitioned a Los Angeles court and won freedom for herself and several members of her family. The case became one of the city’s earliest legal challenges to slavery and helped establish an important precedent for freedom in California.

But freedom was only the beginning of Biddy Mason’s story.

Building Wealth—and Sharing It


Mason worked as a nurse and midwife, carefully saving her earnings and eventually purchasing property in a rapidly growing Los Angeles. Over time, she became one of the city’s most successful early landowners.

Her accomplishments were extraordinary, particularly for a Black woman who had once been denied ownership of even her own life.

Yet Mason did not build wealth for herself alone. She became known for helping neighbors in need, feeding people experiencing hardship and using her resources to strengthen her community. She also helped establish First African Methodist Episcopal Church, creating a spiritual home and community institution that continues serving Los Angeles today.

Kevin Waite, a history professor at the University of Texas at Dallas who wrote a biography of Mason, said Black leaders such as Mason have too often been left at the margins of the city’s public history.

"Black civic leaders like Biddy Mason have long struggled for their due," said Waite, who grew up in Pasadena.

While researching Mason’s life, Waite discovered that she owned land between Olive and Grand streets, immediately next to Pershing Square. That direct connection, he said, makes the park a fitting place to honor a woman who invested her life, labor and resources in Los Angeles.

A Historic Park—and a Difficult Debate


Pershing Square is one of Los Angeles’ oldest parks. The land was dedicated for public use in 1866 as La Plaza Abaja. In 1918, following World War I, it was renamed Pershing Square in honor of Gen. John J. Pershing, who commanded U.S. forces in Europe.

Not everyone supports replacing the Pershing name.

Courtland Jindra, a former co-director of the California World War I Centennial Task Force, told the council that the plaza honors not only Pershing, but also the soldiers and sailors who served during the war.

"If we take away memorials for anyone, for the military, who's to say they're not going to take away the L.A. Memorial Coliseum?" Jindra asked.

Kim Cooper, who leads historical tours through her company Esotouric and considers herself a preservationist, also expressed concern about removing Pershing’s name.

"Pershing lived a life of integrity, as did Biddy Mason, and they're not in competition," Cooper said in an interview.


Mason already has a small park dedicated to her near Spring and Third streets. Built in 1989 on the site of her original homestead, the memorial honors her life but is tucked away and largely hidden from public view, according to Waite.


Cooper agreed that the existing memorial "needs some love," but believes it should receive better signs and greater visibility instead of renaming a World War I memorial.

She also criticized the city’s care of Pershing Square. On Friday morning, trash was scattered throughout the park, people appeared to be using drugs, and an unhoused person had set up a sleeping area on a park bench.

The effort to rename the square is not new. Then-Council member Kevin de León introduced a similar proposal in 2024, but it expired without a hearing as he faced political fallout from the 2022 Los Angeles City Hall racism scandal.


Friday’s vote does not immediately change the park’s name. It directs city officials to begin the formal renaming process.

For many supporters, however, the vote is already meaningful. It brings greater visibility to a woman whose courage, business leadership, generosity and faith are woven deeply into the history of Los Angeles.

Biddy Mason began her life without freedom, a last name or the right to own property. She ended it as a respected landowner, entrepreneur, philanthropist, church founder and community builder.

Renaming Pershing Square would do more than place her name on a park. It would place Biddy Mason where she has always belonged—at the center of the Los Angeles story.

Photo: The Angels 2010, CC BY-SA 3.0  | Wikipedia Commons

By UBJ Staff August 19, 2026
PCR Business Finance has officially opened the doors to its new headquarters at 3800 W. Slauson Avenue in Los Angeles , placing a major small-business resource directly in the community it was created to serve. Elected officials, community organizations, business owners and supporters gathered for a ribbon-cutting ceremony and open house celebrating the new location—and what it could mean for entrepreneurs throughout South Los Angeles. For PCR President and CEO Mark Robertson Sr. , reaching this milestone required faith, determination and a clear commitment to the community. “The process has been one of faith, persistence, pushing forward to make sure this happens for our community at this time,” Robertson said. “PCR was started almost 50 years ago to support businesses that don’t have resources, and now, here we are, putting our footprint in the community that needs us most,” he continued. “We are just so excited about that.” Nearly 50 Years of Expanding Economic Opportunity Founded in 1977, PCR Business Finance is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) organization that promotes community economic development through financial, educational and advisory services. PCR is described as the only organization in Los Angeles County with dual designation as both a Community Development Financial Institution and Small Business Development Center. Through those roles, the organization connects under-resourced entrepreneurs with financing, technical assistance, education and guidance designed to help them start, stabilize and grow their businesses. Its new Slauson Avenue headquarters represents a significant investment in that mission—and in the future of South Los Angeles business owners. “We’re not just celebrating today a new building, but what this building represents for South L.A. entrepreneurs,” said Los Angeles County Supervisor Holly Mitchell , who delivered the keynote address. “We deserve a world-class resource right here in our own community.” Mitchell described the new headquarters as a $6 million investment in the unincorporated Second District and emphasized the importance of strengthening community-based financial institutions. “We are here at a pivotal time,” Mitchell said. “Community development financial institutions are under attack from our very own federal government.” “This $6 million investment—I said, $6 million investment—in unincorporated Second District really is a declaration that we believe in ourselves, this community, and we’re not going to wait on the federal government to validate our worth.” A Visible Home for Business-Building Resources Los Angeles City Council President Marqueece Harris-Dawson celebrated PCR’s decision to make its presence visible along the Slauson Avenue corridor. “A big round of applause for beautifying an already beautiful corridor—our corridor—and putting your name on front street so everybody can see that we’re up in here, about the business of our community having small businesses,” Harris-Dawson said. “It’s important that you’re here. It’s important that everybody knows, if I ever get ready to have a business, I know where to go. It’s right here on the corner.” Other officials and representatives attending the celebration included: Long Beach City Councilwoman Tunua Thrash-Ntuk Representatives from the office of Compton Mayor Emma Sharif Representatives from the office of U.S. Rep. Sydney Kamlager-Dove Representatives from the office of California State Sen. Lola Smallwood-Cuevas Representatives from the office of California State Treasurer Fiona Ma Representatives from the office of Assemblymember Isaac Bryan Representatives from the office of Assemblymember Tina McKinnor Representatives from the office of Los Angeles County Assessor Jeffrey Prang Representatives from the office of Los Angeles Metro Board Director Jacquelyn Dupont-Walker Helping Businesses Prepare for Major Opportunities PCR enters its next chapter with a long record of connecting businesses and communities to capital. The organization recently surpassed $50 million in administered funds through Los Angeles Metro’s Business Interruption Fund , one of many milestones it has achieved during nearly five decades of service. PCR is also helping small businesses prepare for the economic activity expected around the 2028 Olympic and Paralympic Games in Los Angeles and other large-scale events coming to the region. Those opportunities could generate new customers, contracts and visibility for local companies. But small-business owners may need financing, certifications, stronger operations and technical guidance to compete effectively. PCR’s combination of capital and business-development services positions the organization to help entrepreneurs become ready for those opportunities. Bringing the Work Back Home The opening also carried deep personal meaning for Robertson, who grew up in the surrounding neighborhood. “It feels wonderful,” Robertson said after cutting the ribbon. “This is the community I grew up in. I went to 54th Street School, maybe just a half mile from here.” “This is my neighborhood, and it’s good to be able to go out, have been educated, trained and bring all of that back to the community I love.” With its new headquarters now open, PCR Business Finance is creating a visible place where entrepreneurs can seek funding, receive guidance and find the support needed to move their businesses forward. For more information about PCR’s financing, education and business-advisory services, visit pcrcorp.org . UBJ Takeaway: South Los Angeles and Southern California entrepreneurs seeking capital or business assistance should review PCR’s available loan programs, advising services and upcoming training opportunities—particularly those preparing for public contracting and LA28-related growth.
By UBJ Staff August 19, 2026
As Los Angeles prepares to welcome the world, local entrepreneurs are being encouraged to prepare now for the contracts, capital and growth opportunities surrounding the 2028 Olympic and Paralympic Games. By Urban Business Journal Staff The 2028 Olympic and Paralympic Games will bring more than world-class competition to Los Angeles. They are also expected to generate significant demand for local goods, services and suppliers—and JPMorganChase says small businesses should be positioned to participate. JPMorganChase Chairman and CEO Jamie Dimon and Los Angeles-based executive Diedra Porché are helping focus attention on the economic potential surrounding LA28, particularly for entrepreneurs and neighborhood businesses that have historically struggled to access major contracts and growth capital. The financial institution recently became the Official Bank of Team USA and the LA28 Olympic and Paralympic Games, a Founding Partner of LA28 and the first Global Banking Partner in Olympic history. But for Los Angeles business owners, the most consequential part of the partnership may be what happens beyond the competition venues. JPMorganChase says its LA28 commitment will include efforts to empower local businesses, increase access to financial resources and help ensure that the economic impact of the Games continues after the closing ceremony. “The Olympic and Paralympic Games bring people together in powerful ways,” Porché wrote when announcing the partnership. “And they create opportunity that extends well beyond the moment—for athletes, for families and for communities.” A Major Economic Moment for Los Angeles Delivering an event of LA28’s scale will require an extensive network of companies. The organizing committee says hundreds of contracting opportunities are expected across industries including: Event production Food and beverage Hospitality and tourism Transportation Logistics and warehousing Security Technology Marketing and communications Staffing and workforce services Equipment rental Professional services Cleaning, maintenance and waste management LA28 has established a goal of directing 75% of its addressable spending to local businesses and 25% to small businesses through its Community Business Supplier Program. That commitment could open doors for Los Angeles entrepreneurs—but registration alone will not be enough. Companies must be financially prepared, operationally capable and ready to meet the requirements of large institutional buyers. Capital, Coaching and Connections JPMorganChase’s LA28 partnership comes as the company expands its broader support for small businesses through its American Dream Initiative. The bank plans to provide nearly $80 billion in small-business lending over the next decade, hire more than 1,000 additional business bankers and expand its team of senior business consultants. Los Angeles is among the priority markets identified for increased support. The initiative also includes an expansion of Coaching for Impact, which provides entrepreneurs with individual coaching, technical assistance and business education. Porché, JPMorganChase’s regional chair for California and the West and head of Community and Business Development, has spent much of her career connecting entrepreneurs to capital, mentoring and practical financial tools. Her leadership is especially relevant in Los Angeles, where many small and diverse businesses have the expertise to perform major contracts but may need help strengthening cash flow, accessing working capital or navigating complex procurement systems. That distinction matters. Winning a large contract can place unexpected pressure on a small company. Vendors may need to hire employees, purchase inventory, secure equipment and complete work weeks—or months—before receiving payment. Access to capital is therefore not separate from procurement readiness. It is part of it. Opportunity Is Not the Same as Access The arrival of the Games does not automatically guarantee that neighborhood businesses will benefit. Small companies can still be excluded by limited outreach, complicated registration systems, insurance requirements, bonding thresholds, slow payment schedules or contracts packaged at sizes that only established corporations can manage. For LA28’s small-business commitment to create meaningful economic mobility, local entrepreneurs must be able to compete as prime contractors, subcontractors and suppliers throughout the Games’ supply chain. Banks, corporations, government agencies and technical-assistance organizations will also need to coordinate their resources. Business owners should not have to navigate disconnected systems to locate financing, certifications, training and contracting opportunities. The true measure of LA28’s economic legacy will not simply be how much money the Games generate. It will be how much of that investment reaches Los Angeles businesses, workers and communities—and whether participating companies emerge stronger after 2028. What Los Angeles Businesses Should Do Now The contracting window is already opening. Business owners should begin preparing before opportunities aligned with their capabilities are announced. 1. Register with LA28 Businesses interested in supplying goods or services should complete the official LA28 Supplier Registration . Registration places a company in the supplier database but does not guarantee a contract. LA28 may contact registered companies when relevant opportunities arise. 2. Join RAMP LA28’s competitive procurement opportunities are expected to appear through the City of Los Angeles’ Regional Alliance Marketplace for Procurement , commonly known as RAMP. Businesses should create a complete vendor profile, select accurate commodity codes and review the platform regularly for Requests for Information, Expressions of Interest and formal solicitations. 3. Prepare a Strong Capability Statement A one-page capability statement should clearly communicate: The company’s core services Relevant project experience Past performance Certifications Geographic service area Insurance and bonding capacity Business identifiers and commodity codes Contact information What makes the company especially qualified The document should be tailored to the buyer rather than used as a generic company flyer. 4. Review Financial Capacity Businesses should understand how much working capital they would need to perform a major contract successfully. Owners should review cash flow, credit, payroll capacity, equipment needs and the financial effect of delayed payments before submitting a bid. 5. Secure Relevant Certifications Depending on the opportunity, certification as a small, minority-owned, woman-owned, veteran-owned, LGBTQ-owned or disabled-owned business may increase visibility and provide access to supplier-diversity programs. Business owners should verify which certifications are recognized by each buyer rather than assuming one certification applies everywhere. 6. Look for Subcontracting Opportunities Not every business will enter the LA28 supply chain as a prime contractor. Smaller companies can pursue subcontracting, joint ventures and supplier relationships with larger firms that need local partners, specialized expertise or diverse vendors to fulfill major agreements. 7. Use Free Procurement Assistance ProcureLA provides eligible Los Angeles businesses with free procurement education and assistance designed to help companies compete for public- and private-sector contracts. Small Business Development Centers and other local technical-assistance providers can also help owners review financials, refine capability statements and assess contract readiness. The Starting Gun Has Already Fired The Olympic flame will not arrive in Los Angeles until 2028, but the business opportunity has already begun. For local entrepreneurs, the next two years should be treated as a preparation period: strengthening operations, building relationships, securing capital and becoming visible to the institutions and prime contractors that will help deliver the Games. JPMorganChase has the scale, resources and Los Angeles presence to play a meaningful role in that preparation. The firm serves more than five million customers and approximately 589,000 small-business clients across Greater Los Angeles, supported by more than 330 branches and 6,000 employees. The opportunity now is to translate that reach—and LA28’s supplier goals—into measurable contracts, jobs and long-term business growth across Los Angeles. The world is coming to the city. Los Angeles businesses should be ready when it arrives. 
By Kim Anthony August 18, 2026
The third-generation, Black-owned business has turned a family recipe into a West Coast enterprise—while remaining rooted in the community that helped it grow. By Urban Business Journal Staff For 70 years, the ovens at 27th Street Bakery have produced more than sweet potato pies. They have helped sustain a family legacy, create neighborhood jobs and preserve an important piece of Black business history in South Los Angeles. Located at 2700 South Central Avenue, the third-generation, Black-owned bakery is celebrating seven decades in business—a milestone few small businesses ever reach. Best known for its homemade sweet potato and pecan pies, 27th Street Bakery has grown from a neighborhood favorite into what the company describes as the largest manufacturer of sweet potato pies on the West Coast. From Southern Roots to a Los Angeles Landmark The business began during the 1930s when Harry and Sadie Patterson opened a restaurant along Central Avenue, then the cultural and commercial heart of Black Los Angeles. The Pattersons brought Southern recipes and traditions with them, creating food that offered Los Angeles’ growing Black community a familiar taste of home. In 1956, the family converted the restaurant into a specialty bakery producing sweet potato pies, fruit pies, cakes and other desserts. That transformation established the business now known as 27th Street Bakery. The next generation assumed leadership in 1980, when the founders’ daughter, Alberta Cravin, and grandson, Gregory Spann, took over the operation. Today, the bakery is led by sisters Denise Cravin-Paschal and Olympic gold medalist Jeanette Bolden-Pickens, along with Bolden-Pickens’ husband, Al Pickens. Five additional family members are reportedly involved in the business, continuing a tradition of shared ownership and responsibility. More Than a Bakery The bakery’s longevity is especially significant because of where it stands. Central Avenue was once home to a thriving collection of Black-owned hotels, nightclubs, restaurants and professional offices. As Los Angeles changed and families dispersed into other neighborhoods, many of those businesses disappeared. 27th Street Bakery remained. Its presence represents both economic endurance and cultural preservation. Across several generations, the company has provided employment, stability and a trusted gathering place for neighborhood residents. The bakery has also learned how to grow without abandoning its roots. Customers can still walk into the Central Avenue storefront and purchase fresh pastries, but the company now accepts online orders, offers nationwide shipping through Goldbelly and provides local delivery through services including DoorDash, Uber Eats and Postmates. The company was also selected as an approved supplier for the Super Bowl LVI Business Connect program—an initiative that identified qualified, diverse Los Angeles-area companies to compete for contracting opportunities connected to the event. That combination of tradition, distribution and supplier readiness offers a valuable lesson for other community-based businesses: longevity often depends on preserving what customers love while continually developing new ways to reach them. Seventy Years—and Still Growing In recognition of the anniversary, 27th Street Bakery is offering slices of sweet potato pie for 70 cents on select Saturdays through October 31, according to reporting from LA Local. The promotion is more than an anniversary special. It is an invitation for Los Angeles residents to support a business that has supported its community for generations. At a time when many independent restaurants and neighborhood businesses are struggling with rising costs, changing consumer habits and increased competition, reaching the 70-year mark is an extraordinary achievement. It demonstrates the power of family succession, a trusted product, community loyalty and the willingness to adapt. The Business Lesson The story of 27th Street Bakery offers several practical lessons for entrepreneurs hoping to build companies that last: Build around a signature product. The bakery became widely recognized for one distinctive offering—its homemade sweet potato pie. Protect the brand’s story. Its history and family recipe are not simply sentimental details; they are competitive advantages that distinguish the company from mass-market producers. Prepare the next generation. Leadership has successfully transferred through three generations, allowing the company to preserve family ownership. Expand how customers can buy. Nationwide shipping, online ordering and delivery platforms have taken the bakery beyond the geographic limitations of its storefront. Pursue supplier opportunities. Certification and participation in procurement programs can expose established small businesses to larger contracts and new institutional customers. Remain connected to the community. The company’s enduring relationship with South Los Angeles has created a level of loyalty that advertising alone cannot purchase. For entrepreneurs throughout Los Angeles, the Inland Empire and beyond, 27th Street Bakery is proof that a neighborhood business can preserve its identity, expand its reach and build an enterprise capable of outliving its founders. Seventy years later, the family is still baking—and Los Angeles is still showing up for another slice. Support This Legacy Business 27th Street Bakery 2700 S. Central Avenue Los Angeles, CA 90011 Tuesday–Saturday, 8 a.m.–4 p.m. 323-233-3469 Order or learn more at 27thStreetBakery.com This story was inspired by the CBS Los Angeles report celebrating the bakery’s 70th anniversary . Additional historical information was verified through the 27th Street Bakery , the Los Angeles Conservancy and LA Local .
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